• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Procedure for disengaging elements that fit together (1, 1', 1''), which includes applying a force of displacement (F) to a first element that can be fitted (1') and to a second element that can be fitted (1'') to move said nestable elements (1', 1'') with respect to each other in a disengaged direction. The method comprises applying the displacement force (F) by means of a pneumatic actuator of linear type isolated from the first snap-in element (1', 1'') and the second snap-in element (1', 1'') that acts between said drums (eleven''). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2737100A1
    申请号:ES201830661
    申请日:2018-07-03
    公开日:2020-01-10
    发明作者:González Alfonso González；Pérez Oscar López；Morera Alberto Paniagua
    申请人:Universidad de Extremadura；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002] Procedure for unlocking elements that fit together and device for said procedure
    [0003]
    [0004] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    [0005]
    [0006] The present invention relates to a method for disengaging elements that fit together, in particular, conical elements of conical type, such as conical type drums, according to the preamble of claim 1, and a device for said method, according to the preamble of the claim 7.
    [0007]
    [0008] The conical interlocking elements are provided with a conicity necessary to fit or insert one of the interlocking elements into the other, being, for example, conical or truncated. The invention is especially applied to fittings with tubular shape, whether closed or open at their ends, such as containers, in particular drums, or pipes.
    [0009]
    [0010] Conical drums have the advantage that they can be fitted together when they are empty and stacked when they are full, which makes it possible to take advantage of the transport and storage capacity of empty drums, with the consequent cost savings of transport or storage
    [0011]
    [0012] For transporting or storing large quantities of products, large conical drums made of rolled steel are typically used, typically with capacities of about 200-220 l, diameters of about 500-600 mm and tares of about 10-20 kg.
    [0013]
    [0014] These conical drums and, especially, those of large dimensions are applicable in the logistics industry by transport or storage companies and are used profusely, in particular, for products such as canned food, for example, canned tomatoes. In the supply chain, the packaging companies receive the empty drums fitted and must discard them, that is, extract them or separate them from each other, to proceed with their filling.
    [0015]
    [0016] To facilitate the removal or separation of the embedded drums, the drums are conventionally provided with a relief protruding from the outer lateral surface of the drum in an area close to the opening of the drum. This relief serves to prevent a drum from being fully inserted, buttting with an opening edge of the drum into which it is inserted. Normally, the relief is in the form of a protrusion or protrusion that extends at the periphery of the drum outwardly thereof in correspondence with an opening edge that also extends outward from the drum.
    [0017]
    [0018] Despite the provision of such relief, the extraction of these embedded drums is very expensive, especially in the case of large drums and after a certain number of uses of the drums, or when the drums are received for extraction in columns with multiple drums. The extraction frequently requires more than one operator and the use of a hammer to apply a sufficient separation force between embedded drums. In some cases extraction is not possible.
    [0019]
    [0020] The extraction process causes very high losses of effort and time as well as damage to the drums, which usually occur mainly at the edges, such as deformations, chafing, dents or bumps that can lead to premature use of the drums. These damages and the wear and tear of the reused drums make it difficult to remove the drums and negatively affect their useful life, that is, the number of times that the same can be reused.
    [0021]
    [0022] On the contrary, when the drums are new, the extraction of the embedded drums is relatively easy and can be carried out by a single operator. However, the reuse of drums is preferable because of the high cost of acquiring the new drums over the used ones, which is why the used drums are used in greater proportion than the new ones.
    [0023]
    [0024] Document US 5,201,437 contains a solution to the problem of facilitating the extraction of large-sized conical drums fitted, which allows the extraction without causing significant damage to the drums during the same and by a single operator. This solution is based on providing a drum configuration that has a lockable bottom opening, located at the bottom of the drum. Such a configuration makes it possible that through the lower opening a tool can be introduced to push or pull the drums and thus force them to move in the disengaged direction.
    [0025]
    [0026] However, such a solution has the disadvantage that it is only applicable to drums with The design described. It also has the disadvantage that it is only possible to perform the disengagement starting with the lower drum, that is to say the one with the base, and therefore the lower opening, accessible. This document also discloses a procedure in which compressed air is used for the extraction of the drums with the described configuration. Compressed air is applied through the lower opening in the lower part of the embedded inner drum.
    [0027]
    [0028] The present invention has the task of providing a method and a device for discarding interlocking elements of conical type, especially conical type drums, which overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks of the prior art.
    [0029]
    [0030] In particular, the procedure as well as the device should facilitate the extraction of nestable elements fitted together, in particular, those that have been previously used and are damaged, which greatly hinders their removal. Likewise, it must be possible to alleviate the effort of the operators to carry out the extraction and expedite its realization, so that it can even be carried out by a single operator. In this sense, the device must be ergonomic, allowing a comfortable and easy use for the operator when applying the procedure.
    [0031]
    [0032] The procedure as well as the device must also make it possible that the extraction does not damage the useful life of the fittings or that it can even be extended, allowing the extraction to be carried out without causing significant damage to them during the extraction and guaranteeing their reuse or repeated use .
    [0033]
    [0034] The invention is especially applicable to embedded elements, in particular large-sized drums, which are used by packaging companies. For the process of extracting the embedded drums, the packaging companies normally dedicate several pre-established areas as work zones to extract the drums for reasons of workflow efficiency, so the procedure as well as the device should not prevent the extraction It can be carried out in different areas, making extraction possible regardless of location.
    [0035]
    [0036] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0037]
    [0038] Such a task is solved with the present invention by the method of claim 1 as well as the device of claim 7. The claims Dependents specify preferred embodiments.
    [0039]
    [0040] In a first aspect of the invention, the invention relates to a method for dislodging elements that can be fitted together, in particular conical elements of conical type, such as conical type drums, which comprises applying a displacement force to a first element that can already be fitted. a second nestable element fitted together to move said nestable elements with respect to each other in a direction disengaged therefrom.
    [0041]
    [0042] The process of the invention is characterized in that it comprises applying the displacement force by means of a pneumatic actuator of linear type isolated from the first nestable element and the second nestable element. Said driving force acts between the first snap-in element and the second snap-in element.
    [0043]
    [0044] Hereinafter, the invention will be explained for clarity with reference to the case in which the nestable elements are drums. However, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to this case but is generally applicable to any form of nestable elements, such as containers or pipes and, especially, to conical elements of conical type.
    [0045]
    [0046] Thus, the invention relates to a method for discarding conical-type drums, which comprises applying a displacement force to a first drum and a second drum fitted together to move said drums with respect to each other in a discarded direction thereof. . The process of the invention is characterized in that it comprises applying the displacement force by means of a pneumatic actuator of linear type isolated from the first drum and the second drum. Said driving force acts between the first drum and the second drum.
    [0047]
    [0048] The displacement force generated by the actuator forces the displacement of the drums, in particular the separation and, therefore, the extraction of the drums. In isolation, it can be understood individually or forming an independent unit of the first drum and / or the second drum. Unlike the prior art, the inner chamber formed by the two embedded drums is not necessarily pressurized to force their displacement but rather the pressurization of the air takes place in the pneumatic actuator to generate the displacement force of the drums independently.
    [0049] When the pneumatic linear actuators are actuated, they generate a displacement force in a known manner, in the direction of travel of the piston of the pneumatic cylinder of the actuator. The use of a linear pneumatic actuator according to the invention allows generating the displacement force in the direction of disengagement of the drums facilitating their extraction.
    [0050]
    [0051] The process is facilitated because by means of the linear pneumatic actuator it is possible to apply a sufficiently high displacement force without requiring an amplification thereof by impact such as when applying the force by means of a hammer, which produces local deformations and relevant damages. The process is also facilitated because this force can be generated by an actuator of sufficiently small size to be manageable by a single operator. The process is also facilitated because, due to the actuator and drum configuration itself, it is possible to apply said displacement force between a point of the first drum and a point of the second drum easily, for example, between an opening edge of the first drum and a stop projection of the second drum.
    [0052]
    [0053] Advantageously, the invention is also not limited to certain configurations of conical type drums nor does it require adapting the drums for use, which allows an agile application to any type of drum. Also advantageously, the process can be applied regardless of whether the extraction of drums from a column of embedded drums begins with the extreme positions of the drums or an intermediate position, which simplifies the extraction process.
    [0054]
    [0055] The displacement force generated by the linear pneumatic actuator can be applied by dragging the drums with respect to each other, that is by pushing or pulling a canister with respect to the other. The drag can be, in particular, contact or shape. In the form drag a coupling is provided for the transmission of the displacement force between actuator and drum, for example, a hitch, while the contact drag takes place by contact simply, for example, by surface-to-surface thrust.
    [0056]
    [0057] It is conceived that the displacement force can be applied by dragging a fixed or fixed drag element to a lateral, inner and / or outer surface of a drum. A drum drag element can be, for example, an edge, a projection, a protrusion, a relief, a handle, a hole, etc. Preferably, the opening edge of the inner drum and the shoulder boss of the outer drum can be used as dragging elements, the application being applied. travel force by the actuator between these drive elements.
    [0058]
    [0059] Preferably, the displacement force is applied in a substantially static way, unlike a force applied by impact, such as with a hammer. With this, it is possible to minimize local deformations as a result of the concentration of stresses in the application areas of the displacement force of the drums and, therefore, to avoid possible damages and to increase, or at least not harm, the useful life of the drums
    [0060]
    [0061] Preferably, the displacement force is applied at least two points of the same drum separated a certain distance. It is contemplated that said distance is greater than or equal to 1/8, preferably, greater than or equal to 1/4, more preferably, greater than or equal to 1/2 of a drum diameter. With this it is achieved that the displacement force is distributed between said points of the same drum, reducing the concentration of stresses and, therefore, the possibility of deformations that can cause damage and reduce the useful life.
    [0062]
    [0063] Preferably, the displacement force is applied substantially continuously in at least one of the drums between two distant points of the same drum in which a displacement force is applied, that is to say by applying the force along an application line. it continues in the drum, for example, by means of a surface-to-surface support that continuously supports each other between two points. With this it is achieved that the displacement force is distributed continuously along said line of application, the forces being distributed and, therefore, the possibility of deformations that can cause damage and reduce the useful life.
    [0064]
    [0065] In a second aspect of the invention, the invention relates to a device for disengaging elements that fit together, in particular, conical fittings, such as conical type drums, comprising a linear type pneumatic actuator, with a cylinder and a movable piston in the cylinder. The piston has a piston rod that determines an axis of the piston rod in the direction of travel of the piston. Additionally, the device comprises means for applying displacement force. The means of application of displacement force comprise a displacement element integral with the piston and a retention element. The force application means serve to apply a displacement force between the displacement element and the retention element.
    [0066] The device of the invention is characterized in that it comprises a main handle to be grasped with one of the hands of a user of the device around a main handle holding shaft in a position of the hand such that the device is suspended from the hand with the piston rod shaft substantially horizontal.
    [0067]
    [0068] Although, as a consequence of the piston being displaced in the device and, in particular, together with the displacement element, the position of the center of gravity of the device varies as the piston moves, the configuration of the device of the invention with respect to the handle main allows that, in a position of use of the device in which the piston rod axis remains substantially horizontal, the center of gravity is arranged vertically around a point of the main handle around which the device can theoretically swing in balance when it is wielded by the user.
    [0069]
    [0070] This makes it possible for the device to remain substantially horizontal to apply the displacement force in the embedded drums, simplifying the use of the device by the user, especially when the drums are laid down, that is to say with their lateral surface on the floor. Likewise, it is possible to use the device by a single operator by holding the device with one hand on the main handle and leaving the other hand free, for example, to position the force application means accurately in the drums. This facilitates the extraction of drums fitted one by one. The device also allows portable transport to different locations and used regardless of location. The adjustment of the main handle to the anthropometry of the hand therefore provides a simple and comfortable use for the operator, improving the ergonomics of the device.
    [0071]
    [0072] Preferably, the device comprises a pneumatic valve, for example, a directional valve, for actuating the pneumatic actuator, the valve being at least partially housed in the main handle. This provides greater compactness and reduced device size, facilitating its transport and use.
    [0073]
    [0074] The valve can be operated according to a valve drive shaft that is aligned with the main handle clamping shaft, providing greater ease of use to the device, by allowing the valve to be operated by hand holding the main handle in one position. of use Preferably, the pneumatic valve for actuating the actuator pneumatic cylinder is a directional type valve.
    [0075] DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    [0076]
    [0077] The invention will be explained in greater detail below with reference to the attached drawings by way of example. In the drawings:
    [0078]
    [0079] Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a conical type drum.
    [0080]
    [0081] Figure 2 shows a perspective view of two conical type drums embedded in each other.
    [0082]
    [0083] Figure 3 shows an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of the device of the invention.
    [0084]
    [0085] Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the embodiment of the device of Figure 3.
    [0086]
    [0087] Figures 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a and 7b show a perspective view of different variants of the embodiment of the device shown in Figures 3 and 4.
    [0088]
    [0089] PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    [0090]
    [0091] Figure 1 shows a conical type drum (1) covered with a lid (2) and a conventional lever closure (3). In a known manner, the drum has a stop projection (4) formed on its outer side surface (6) and an opening edge (5) on which a gasket of the lever closure (3) is arranged to close the lid ( two).
    [0092]
    [0093] Figure 2 shows two empty embedded drums (1 ’, 1’) forming a column of two embedded drums (1 ’, 1’). The upper drum (1 ’) is without the cover (2) being visible part of the inner side surface of the upper drum (1’). The top drum (1 ’) has an opening edge (5’) and a stop projection (4 ’). The lower drum (1 ’) has an opening edge (4’) and a stop projection (4 ’).
    [0094]
    [0095] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the device comprises an actuator body (10) that houses the pneumatic actuator and a directional pneumatic valve (40) with a valve drive shaft (B-B '). The actuator comprises a cylinder (not shown) and a piston (12) movable in the cylinder along an axis of the piston rod (A-A '). In this In this case, a 5/3 directional pneumatic valve (40), 5-way and 3 positions, and a double-acting pneumatic cylinder are used.
    [0096]
    [0097] The force application means are formed by a displacement element (50) and a retention element (60). The displacement element (50) is configured as a mobile crescent (50), shaped like a crescent or circumferential arc adapted to the periphery of the drum (1, 1 ’, 1’). The retention element (60) is also configured as a fixed crescent (60), shaped like a crescent or circumferential arc adapted to the periphery of the drum (1, 1 ’, 1’).
    [0098]
    [0099] By actuating the valve (40), the valve (40) lets the compressed air into one of the cylinder chambers. This ejects the rod (12) and the mobile crescent (50) which, in cooperation with the fixed crescent (60), allow the disengagement of the embedded drums (1 ', 1' '), for example, in a column of drums (eleven''). The fixed crescent (60) prevents movement of the second drum (1 ’). The rod (12) pushes the mobile crescent (50) by moving the first drum (1 ’) in the direction of disengagement with respect to the second drum (1’).
    [0100]
    [0101] In the embodiment shown, the mobile crescent (50) accompanies the outlet of the rod (12) by displacing the first drum (1 ') being supported on a first contact surface (54) and the opening edge (5') of the first drum (1 '), while the fixed crescent (60) is fixed by embedding the second drum (1' ') being supported on a second contact surface (64) and the stop projection (4' ') of the second drum (2) ''). The mobile crescent (60) transmits the displacement force to the drum (1 ') through the force application surface (51), while the mobile crescent (50) transmits the displacement force to the drum (1' ') through the force application surface (61).
    [0102]
    [0103] The mobile crescent (50) is made three threads (52, 55): one at the top, which is crossed by the stem (12), and two for the guides (70). To fix the mobile crescent (50) to the rod (12) a nut of type Grover (53) is used, which provides adequate safety features, with a nylon brake inserted that prevents the nut from moving or being loosened by vibrations or movements. The guides (70) are fixed to the mobile crescent (50) by means of nuts (56).
    [0104]
    [0105] The fixed crescent (60) is fixed to the body (10) with the help of a support (62) that allows fixing both the body (10) and the pneumatic cylinder, securing the cylinder inside of the body (10). The fixed crescent (60) is welded to the support (62). The support (62) is fixed to the body (10) by means of through screws (65) through respective holes in the support (66). In this case, these screws (65) can be extended to pass through a cylinder armature and be fixed thereto. The piston rod (12) passes through a central hole (63) of the support (62).
    [0106]
    [0107] When the rod (12) moves out of the cylinder, the mobile crescent (50) moves in the same direction, dragging the first drum (1 ’) to the total stroke of the cylinder. A 160 mm stroke is enough to achieve a large displacement of drums (1, 1 ’, 1’). However, the device (7) is completely suitable for working with other stroke dimensions.
    [0108]
    [0109] The mobile crescent (50) and / or the fixed crescent (60) can be substantially in the form of an inverted I, L or T, with the upper end attachable to the piston rod (12), as shown in the figures. This allows the device (7) to be used easily regardless of the height of the actuator body (10), by being able to access areas of application of the displacement force (F) of the drums (1, 1 ', 1' ') located below the device (7) in a position of use thereof.
    [0110]
    [0111] Additionally, the device (7) comprises movement guide means (70) for guiding the movement of the moving element or mobile crescent (50) with respect to the fixed retaining element or crescent (60). This allows the structural strength of the force application means to improve when the displacement force (F) acts. The guides (70) facilitate that the mobile crescent (50) does not deviate from its initial position, getting it to move parallel to the drum (1, 1 ’, 1’). Likewise, the guides (70) provide structural resistance to the croissants (50, 60) and to the device (70) together when the displacement force (F) is applied, making it possible to reduce lateral movements and therefore facilitating the extraction and achieving greater precision in the positioning of the drums (1, 1 ', 1' '). The fixed part of the guides is shown in the figures attached to the fixed crescent (60) but this can also be installed or attached to the body (10), for example, to the lateral faces thereof.
    [0112]
    [0113] The device comprises a main handle (20) in its upper part with a main handle clamping shaft (C-C '). The shape of the main handle (20) is not completely cylindrical but has flat faces, exclusively rounding the vertices or edges. In this way, more space is achieved for the valve (20) and, for another, a greater surface of subjection to the hand of the operator. The actuation of the device (7) can be carried out with one hand and one action, that is, with a single movement in and out of the rod (12) of the pneumatic cylinder.
    [0114]
    [0115] The main handle (20) has a padding element (22) to facilitate the handle of the handle (20). The quilting element consists of a high strength sponge (22) with concave grooves where the fingers similar to the one produced when the fist are closed are supported. This reduces the separation size between the main handle (20) and the body (10), allowing the movement of the hand to be negligible and preventing the device (7) from escaping. The concave grooves facilitate the grip accompanying the position of the hand when a handle holding action is exercised.
    [0116]
    [0117] In the embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 4, the main handle clamping axis (C-C ’) is parallel to the piston rod axis (A-A’). Advantageously, this configuration provides greater ergonomics as it allows the device (7) suspended from the user's hand to be more comfortably supported in a use position, as the direction of the travel force (F) and the main handle shaft are contained (C-C ') in the same vertical plane, the device (7) being able to swing in said plane freely in the position of use.
    [0118]
    [0119] Also, in the embodiment of figures 3 and 4 an auxiliary handle (30) is shown to be gripped with the other of the user's hands around an auxiliary handle clamping shaft (D-D ') holding the device (7 ). This provides a better grip and grip of the device (7) in a position of use and, therefore, greater precision in positioning the force application means in the drums (1 ’, 1’) to be extracted.
    [0120]
    [0121] In the embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 4, the auxiliary handle clamping axis (D-D ') is substantially perpendicular to the piston rod axis (A-A'). Advantageously, this provides greater ergonomics by being able to hold the device (7) more securely in the direction of the displacement force (F) applied by the actuator of the device (7).
    [0122]
    [0123] The auxiliary handle (30) can be attached interchangeably to the device (7) on each of its two sides relative to the main handle (20) independently. The figures show an embodiment in which the auxiliary handle (30) is interchangeable by threading (13, 31) at one end of the auxiliary handle (30). Corresponding to the threading (31) of the auxiliary handle (30) the actuator body (10) is provided with a threaded bush (13) fixed to the housing (11) for fixing the auxiliary handle (30).
    [0124]
    [0125] The interchangeable auxiliary handle (30) can be coupled to both sides of the body (10), there being threads (13) on each side faces that allow the positioning of the auxiliary handle (30), the device (7) being used for left and right handed.
    [0126]
    [0127] The directional valve (40) is housed inside the main handle (20) in perfect coordination with the anthropometry of the user's hand, allowing it to be activated when the hand grips the main handle (20).
    [0128]
    [0129] The valve (40) has a housing (44) with the connections (44) corresponding to the 5 ways, as well as a push button (42) and a rod (41). The 5/3 valve allows the double acting cylinder to be operated in any required position, positioning the piston rod (12) at the distance desired by the operator, thus preventing certain movements that could cause damage to the operator. The valve (40) is installed near the rear end of the main handle (20), causing no discomfort in the grip of the device (7). The valve stem (41) has sufficient extension so that the button or button (42) of the valve (40) can emerge through the hole (21) of the front part of the handle (20) and be operated by the operator. The valve connections (44) are accessible through an opening (23) on the front face of the auxiliary handle (20). At the rear of the main handle (20) there is a valve cover (not shown) that allows it to be easily removed if necessary.
    [0130]
    [0131] The actuator body (10) is constituted from an octahedron, whose length, depth and height are marked by the dimensions of the pneumatic cylinder used. The double acting cylinder of the embodiment has two compressed air intakes (16) and two exhausts (15); These four holes are located on a side face of the housing (11) of the actuator body (10). Fittings of appropriate dimensions are used for the connections of the compressed air pipes to the valve and the cylinder. At the rear of the body (10) there is a cylinder cover (not shown) that allows the pneumatic cylinder to be changed if necessary. With this type of closure the pneumatic cylinder is not in danger of being ejected or of moving the cover (not shown) when it is operated.
    [0132] To prevent the compressed air pipes that go from the valve (20) to the cylinder from being damaged and can suffer air loss, a box (14) is available to protect them. It is a box (14) that extends from the compressed air outlet of the valve (14), runs through the main handle (20) at one end and branches in two, diverting to each air inlet for Double acting pneumatic cylinder chambers. The pack (14) is closed with a transparent polyethylene upper face that allows to control the state of the compressed air tubes at all times.
    [0133]
    [0134] To improve the ergonomics of the device and facilitate the extraction of embedded drums (1 ’, 1’ ’), the device (7) can be designed with a reduced weight. For this, it is possible to select a reduced pneumatic cylinder size as well as to use lightweight materials in its manufacture, facilitating its use and transport by a single operator. The croissants (50, 60) and the support (62) for the fixed croissant (60) can be made of an aluminum alloy, preferable for its lightness and strength. These alloys also have the advantage of material recyclability. They also allow a simple molding or machining, which reduces the manufacturing cost. The housing (11) housing the pneumatic cylinder can be made of sufficiently strong plastic material, such as polyamide.
    [0135]
    [0136] The invention can be applied to different types of drums, in different shapes, size and weight.
    [0137]
    [0138] Figures 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a and 7b show as an example different alternative designs of mobile displacement elements (50) that can be used to discard different types of drums (1, 1 ', 1' ') . The appropriate design can be selected depending on the type of drum (1, 1 ’, 1’).
    [0139]
    [0140] Figures 5a and 5b show respective moving displacement elements (50) for applying a contact dragging force by means of the surfaces (51). The U-shaped displacement element (50) of Figure 5b is suitable for extracting large drums (1, 1 ', 1' ') since its shape allows better adaptation to most of the perimeter of the drum (1, eleven'').
    [0141]
    [0142] Figures 6a and 6b show respective mobile displacement elements (50) for applying a trailing force of drag by means of the elements of drag (51) adapted to be inserted in a corresponding slot. The double element of figure 6a is used, for example, in cases where the drum (1, 1 ', 1'') has a high weight and two grip points are necessary.
    [0143]
    [0144] Figures 7a and 7b show respective mobile displacement elements (50) for applying a trailing force by means of dragging means (51) adapted to grab a drag element of the other drum (1, 1 ', 1 '') or, for example, splice a tool with said function or another, in particular, with different polygonal shapes to make the device (7) adapt to the drum (1, 1 ', 1' ' ) or object to extract. Likewise, these elements also allow incorporating, for example, a rubber or the like to adapt to the shape of the drum (1, 1 ’, 1’) and thus facilitate its displacement.
    [0145]
    [0146] Figure 8 shows mobile displacement elements (50) for applying a force other than a displacement force, for example, for making holes, which allows the use of the device (7) in a different way.
    [0147]
    [0148] Accordingly, the invention is not limited to the embodiments represented, but includes all variants, modifications and combinations within the scope of the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    1. Procedure for dislodging elements that fit together (1, 1 ', 1''), which comprises applying a displacement force (F) to a first embedded element (1') and a second embedded element (1 '') fitted each other to move said nestable elements (1 ', 1'') with respect to each other in a disengaging direction, characterized in that it comprises applying the displacement force (F) by means of a pneumatic actuator of linear type isolated from the first nestable element ( 1 ', 1'') and of the second snap-in element (1', 1 '') acting between said snap-in elements (1 ', 1'').
    [2]
    2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the displacement force (F) is applied by drag, in particular, by dragging a fixed or fixed drag element to a lateral surface (6) of the respective nestable elements (1 ', one'').
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the displacement force (F) is applied between an opening edge (5, 5 ') of the first snap-in element (1') and a stop projection (4, 4 '' ) of the second snap-in element (1``).
    [4]
    4. The method according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the displacement force (F) is applied in a substantially static manner.
    [5]
    5. A method according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the displacement force (F) is applied at least two points of the same interlocking element at a distance greater than or equal to 1/8, preferably greater than or equal to 1/4, more preferably greater than or equal to 1/2 of a diameter of the snap-in element (1, 1 ', 1' ').
    [6]
    Method according to claim 5, in which the displacement force (F) is applied substantially continuously in at least one of the nestable elements (1, 1 ', 1'') between said points.
    [7]
    7. Device (7) for disengaging elements that fit together (1, 1 ', 1''), comprising a pneumatic actuator of linear type, with a cylinder and a piston movable in the cylinder that has a piston rod (12 ) which determines an axis of piston rod (A-A ') in the direction of travel of the piston, and means of application of displacement force, with a displacement element (50) integral with the piston (12) and an element of retention (60) to apply a displacement force between said elements (50, 60), characterized in that it comprises a main handle (20) to be grasped with one of the hands of a user of the device (7) about an axis of main handle clamping (C-C ') in a hand position such that the device (7) is suspended from the hand with the piston rod shaft (A-A') substantially horizontal.
    [8]
    Device (7) according to claim 7, comprising a pneumatic valve (40) for actuating the pneumatic actuator, the valve (40) being at least partially housed in the main handle (20).
    [9]
    9. Device (7) according to claim 8, wherein the valve (40) is operable according to a valve drive shaft (B-B ') that is aligned with the main handle clamping shaft (C-C' ).
    [10]
    10. Device (7) according to one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the main handle clamping axis (C-C ’) is parallel to the piston rod axis (A-A’).
    [11]
    11. Device (7) according to one of claims 7 to 10, comprising an auxiliary handle (30) to be held with the other of the user's hands around an auxiliary handle (D-D ') holding shaft holding the device (7).
    [12]
    12. Device (7) according to claim 11, wherein the auxiliary handle clamping axis (D-D ") is substantially perpendicular to the piston rod axis (A-A").
    [13]
    13. Device (7) according to one of claims 11 or 12, wherein the auxiliary handle (30) is interchangeably attachable to the device (7) on each of its two sides relative to the main handle (20) independently, in particular, by threading (13, 31) at one end of the auxiliary handle (30).
    [14]
    14. Device (7) according to one of claims 7 to 13, wherein the displacement element (50) and / or the retention element (60) is substantially in the form of an inverted I, L or T, with the upper end movable to the stem
    [15]
    15. Device according to one of claims 7 to 14, comprising movement guide means (70) for guiding the movement of the movement element (50) with respect to the retention element (60).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2737100B2|2020-07-23|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    CA1074819A|1978-04-03|1980-04-01|Gilmore T. Schjeldahl|Denester for bailed receptacles|
    US5044607A|1989-04-24|1991-09-03|Vix Design Products, Inc.|Tire spreader|
    FR2657285A1|1990-01-22|1991-07-26|Recoules Fils Ets|Pneumatic apparatus for fitting inserts|
    FR2661164A1|1990-04-19|1991-10-25|Applic Tech Ind Alimentair|Device for destacking buckets with handles|
    EP1228821A1|2001-02-04|2002-08-07|Star Co., Ltd.|Automobile sheet metal surface correcting equipment|
    US20100104413A1|2008-10-23|2010-04-29|Irwin Jere F|Thermoformed Article Stack Segmenting Apparatus|
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    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201830661A|ES2737100B2|2018-07-03|2018-07-03|PROCEDURE TO DISENGAGE ELEMENTS THAT CAN BE NESTIMATED BETWEEN ITSELF AND THE DEVICE FOR SAID PROCEDURE|ES201830661A| ES2737100B2|2018-07-03|2018-07-03|PROCEDURE TO DISENGAGE ELEMENTS THAT CAN BE NESTIMATED BETWEEN ITSELF AND THE DEVICE FOR SAID PROCEDURE|
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